"Icyatsi kibisi" kizatsinda ijambo kumunwa

Mu gihe igihugu gishyigikira cyane ibicuruzwa na serivisi "bipfunyika icyatsi" nk'ibikorwa byo guteza imbere inganda, igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije bya karuboni nkeya cyahindutse insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru ya sosiyete.Usibye kwita ku bicuruzwa ubwabyo, abaguzi banita cyane ku kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije byo gupakira.Abaguzi benshi kandi benshi bahitamo ubushishozi bwo gupakira urumuri, gupakira kwangirika, gupakira ibintu bisubirwamo nibindi bicuruzwa bifitanye isano.Mugihe kizaza, icyatsigupakiraibicuruzwa biteganijwe ko bizatsindira isoko ryiza.

Inzira yiterambere ya "icyatsi kibisi"

Gupakira icyatsi byaturutse kuri "Ejo hazaza hacu" byasohowe na komisiyo y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije n’iterambere mu 1987. Muri Kamena 1992, Inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije n’iterambere yemeje "Itangazo rya Rio ryerekeye ibidukikije n’iterambere", "21 Gahunda ya Ikinyejana, kandi gihita gitangiza icyatsi kibisi kwisi yose hamwe no kurengera ibidukikije nkibyingenzi.Nkuko abantu babisobanukiwe nigitekerezo cyo gupakira icyatsi, iterambere ryapakira icyatsi rishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu.

Mu cyiciro cya mbere

kuva mu myaka ya za 70 kugeza hagati ya 1980, "gupakira imyanda itunganyirizwa".Kuri iki cyiciro, gukusanya icyarimwe no kuvura kugabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije biva mu gupakira imyanda nicyo cyerekezo nyamukuru.Muri icyo gihe, iteka rya mbere ryatangajwe ni ryo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ryo mu 1973 ryita ku bikoresho byo guta imyanda, naho amategeko yo muri Danimarike yo mu 1984 yibanze ku gutunganya ibikoresho bipakira mu gupakira ibinyobwa.Mu 1996, Ubushinwa nabwo bwatangaje "Kujugunya no gukoresha imyanda yo gupakira".

Icyiciro cya kabiri ni guhera hagati ya za 1980 kugeza mu ntangiriro ya za 90, Kuri iki cyiciro, ishami rishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika ryatanze ibitekerezo bitatu
ku myanda yo gupakira:

1. Kugabanya ibipfunyika bishoboka, kandi ukoreshe bike cyangwa ntugapakira

2. Gerageza gutunganya ibicuruzwaibikoresho byo gupakira.

3. Ibikoresho nibikoresho bidashobora gutunganywa bigomba gukoresha ibikoresho bibora.Muri icyo gihe, ibihugu byinshi byo mu Burayi na byo byasabye amategeko n'amabwiriza yabyo yo gupakira, ashimangira ko abakora ibicuruzwa n’abakoresha ibicuruzwa bagomba kwitondera guhuza ibicuruzwa ndetse n’ibidukikije.

Icyiciro cya gatatu ni "LCA" hagati ya nyuma ya za 90.LCA (Isesengura ry'ubuzima bw'ubuzima), ni ukuvuga, "isesengura ry'ubuzima".Yitwa "kuva kumurongo kugeza ku mva" tekinoroji yo gusesengura.Bifata inzira yose yo gupakira ibicuruzwa biva mu bikoresho biva mu mahanga kugeza kujugunya imyanda ya nyuma nk'ikintu cy'ubushakashatsi, kandi ikora isesengura ryinshi kandi igereranya kugira ngo isuzume imikorere y'ibidukikije y'ibicuruzwa bipfunyika.Imiterere yuzuye, itunganijwe kandi yubumenyi yubu buryo yahawe agaciro kandi iramenyekana nabantu, kandi ibaho nkibintu byingenzi muri ISO14000.

Ibiranga nibisobanuro byo gupakira icyatsi

Icyatsi kibisi gitanga ibiranga ibiranga.Gupakira ibicuruzwa byizairashobora kurinda ibiranga ibicuruzwa, kumenya vuba ibirango, gutanga ibisobanuro, no kuzamura ishusho yikimenyetso

Ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi biranga

1. Umutekano: igishushanyo ntigishobora guhungabanya umutekano bwite wabakoresha nuburyo busanzwe bwibidukikije, kandi gukoresha ibikoresho bigomba gutekereza byimazeyo umutekano wabantu nibidukikije.

2. Kuzigama ingufu: gerageza gukoresha ibikoresho bizigama ingufu cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa.

3. Ibidukikije: Igishushanyo mbonera no gutoranya ibikoresho bifata ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije hashoboka, kandi ugakoresha ibikoresho byangirika byoroshye kandi byoroshye kubisubiramo.

Igishushanyo mbonera

1. Guhitamo ibikoresho no gucunga muburyo bwo gupakira icyatsi: Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho, hagomba gutekerezwa imikoreshereze nigikorwa cyibicuruzwa, ni ukuvuga guhitamo kutagira uburozi, kutanduza, byoroshye-gutunganya, kongera gukoreshwa.

2. Gupakira ibicuruzwaIgishushanyo mbonera gisubirwamo: Mugihe cyambere cyo gushushanya ibicuruzwa bipfunyika, hashobora gutekerezwa uburyo bwo gutunganya no kuvugurura ibikoresho bipfunyika, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa, uburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa n’ikoranabuhanga bigomba gutekerezwa, kandi hagomba gukorwa isuzuma ry’ubukungu ry’ibicuruzwa. gukora imyanda igabanuka kugeza byibuze.

3. Ibiciro byibaruramari ryicyatsi kibisi: Ku cyiciro cyambere cyaigishushanyo mbonera, imikorere yacyo nko gutunganya no gukoresha bigomba gusuzumwa.Kubwibyo, mu gusesengura ibiciro, ntidukwiye gutekereza gusa ibiciro byimbere mugushushanya, gukora no kugurisha, ahubwo tunareba ibiciro birimo.